Visual Arts subject in high school education in Croatia in the context of educational changes and reforms from the mid-20th century to present-day / Likovna umjetnost u srednjoškolskom obrazovanju u Hrvatskoj od sredine 20. stoljeća do danas u kontekstu obrazovnih promjena i reformi

Jasmina Nestić

Abstract


The contents of art history in Croatian grammar schools had initially been included within the Drawing subject. From the mid-20th century, they were combined with the contents from history. From 1960, both Visual Arts and Music had been equal components within the Art course, but since 1994 it formally became a full independent subject in grammar schools. The last educational reform generated a new subject curriculum 2019 that completely reorganized the subject and brought it closer to contemporary educational principles. In vocational schools during the 1960s, however, a large number of teaching programs contained contents implemented from visual arts as a part of Croato-Serbian Language and Literature course together with the basics of aesthetic education. However, they were left out in the later programs from most schools during the 1990s, which happened again in the most recent educational documents that were issued in the last several years. The aim of this paper is to discuss the position and specific qualities of Visual Arts subject or topics from the field of visual arts (art history), as well as the changes this subject has underwent during various educational reforms, by means of analysing the teaching programs of grammar and vocational schools in Croatia from the mid-20th century to present-day.

Key words: grammar school, teaching programs, art history, vocational schools

 

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Sadržaji iz povijesti umjetnosti u hrvatskim su gimnazijama prvotno bili predviđeni u sklopu predmeta Crtanje, a zatim su se sredinom 20. stoljeća našli u predmetnoj simbiozi sa sadržajima iz povijesti. Od 1960. Likovna umjetnost zajedno s Muzičkom umjetnosti ravnopravna je sastavnica predmeta Umjetnost, a od 1994. kao predmet u gimnazijama i formalno se posve osamostaljuje. Posljednja obrazovna reforma iznjedrila je novi predmetni kurikul 2019. kojim je predmet temeljito reorganiziran i približen suvremenim obrazovnim načelima. U pogledu strukovnih škola, tijekom sedmoga desetljeća 20. stoljeća izrazito veliki broj nastavnih programa imao je implementirane sadržaje iz likovne umjetnosti unutar predmeta Hrvatskosrpski jezik i književnost s osnovama estetskog obrazovanja, a koji su u kasnijim programima tijekom 1990-ih u većini škola posve izostavljeni, što se ponovilo i u najnovijim obrazovnim dokumentima nastalima u zadnjih nekoliko godina. Cilj je ovoga rada, kroz analizu nastavnih programa gimnazija i strukovnih škola u Hrvatskoj u periodu od sredine 20. stoljeća pa do danas, tematizirati položaj i specifičnosti predmeta Likovna umjetnost, odnosno sadržaja iz područja likovnih umjetnosti (povijesti umjetnosti) te promjene koje je predmet prošao tijekom raznih obrazovnih reformi.

Ključne riječi: gimnazije; nastavni programi; povijest umjetnosti; strukovne škole


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15516/cje.v23i0.4353

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