Primary School Pupils’ Free Time Activities/Aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu učenika osnovne škole

Abstract

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the differences in spending free time in kinesiology and non-kinesiology related activities between subsamples defined according to gender and age on the sample of students completing primary and attending lower secondary education. Daily physical exercise is very important for the health of children and youth. Failing to be involved in daily physical exercise and to participate in kinesiology related free time activities has become an important public health problem. This study was conducted on a convenience sample of boys and girls attending fifth to eighth grades. The total number of students who participated in the study was 847, of which 413 girls and 434 boys. A questionnaire, designed for the purpose of this research, was used to assess the level of students' activities in their free time. The significance of differences between subsamples defined according to gender was determined by Mann-Whitney U test, while the significance of age differences was determined by Kruskal Wallis test. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test confirmed the existence of statistically significant gender differences among fifth to eighth graders in the implementation of kinesiology and non-kinesiology related activities during free time. The analysis of kinesiology related activities shows that girls spend more time in the activities of walking, roller skating, playing badmiton, volleyball and dancing, while boys spend more free time cycling, playing football, basketball and handball. After analysing non-kinesiology related activities, it was established that boys are more interested in IT related activities (computer, playstation...) whose sole purpose is playing games and entertainment, while girls are more involved in activities that are fun, relaxing and educational. Significant age differences in the implementation of non-kinesiology related activities were also found among the students. The established difference is the most significant among age groups (younger and older students), but age differences are certainly also determined by natural laws of growth and development specific for the surveyed population. The analysis of the participation in kinesiology related activities did not reveal significant differences according to age.

Key words: free time; kinesiology related activities; non-kinesiology related activities; students; school.

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Sažetak

Cilj je istraživanja bio utvrditi razlike u provođenja slobodnog vremena u kineziološkim i nekineziološkim aktivnostima između subuzoraka definiranih prema spolu i dobi kod učenika na kraju primarnog obrazovanje i nižeg srednjeg obrazovanja. Svakodnevno tjelesno vježbanje vrlo je važno za zdravstveno stanje djece i mladih. Neprakticiranje svakodnevnog tjelesnog vježbanja i neprovedba kinezioloških aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu postaju važan javnozdravstveni problem. U provođenju ovog istraživanja korišten je prigodni uzorak učenika i učenica od petog do osmog razreda osnovnih škola. Ukupan broj učenika koji je sudjelovao u istraživanju je 847, od toga 413 djevojčica i 434 dječaka. Za procjenu razine aktivnosti učenika u slobodno vrijeme korišten je anketni upitnik koji je konstruiran za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Značajnosti razlika između subuzoraka ispitanika definiranih prema spolu utvrđene su Mann-Whitney U testom, a značajnosti razlika prema dobi utvrđene su Kruskal Wallis testom. Rezultati Mann-Whitney U testa potvrđuju postojanje statistički značajne razlike između učenika od petog do osmog razreda definiranih prema spolu u provedbi kinezioloških i nekinezioloških sadržaja u slobodno vrijeme. Kod kinezioloških aktivnosti djevojčice više vremena provode u aktivnostima šetnje, rolanja, igranja badmitona, odbojke i plesa, a dječaci slobodno vrijeme provode prakticirajući više od djevojčica vožnju biciklom, igrajući nogomet, košarku i rukomet. Gledajući nekineziološke aktivnosti, dječaci su zaineresiraniji za informatičke sadržaje (računalo, playstation…), samo s ciljem igre i zabave, a kod djevojčica prevladavaju sadržaji koji su zabavnog, opuštajućeg i edukativnog karaktera. Značajne razlike u provedbi nekinezioloških sadržaja postoje između učenika prema njihovoj dobi. Diskriminacija je najznačajnija prema dobi (mlađi i stariji učenici), ali svakako da razlike prema dobi određuju i prirodne zakonitosti rasta i razvoja koje se odvijaju kod ispitanih učenika. Isto je tako utvrđeno nepostojanje značajnih razlika u prakticiranju kinezioloških aktivnosti između učenika prema njihovoj dobi.

Ključne riječi:kineziološke aktivnosti; nekineziološke aktivnosti; slobodno vrijeme; škola; učenici